What is Data Processing , How its important in Dbms ?

                The activity of processing data using a computer is called Data Processing System . 

      Data is raw material used as input and nformaion 1s processed data obtained as Dutput of data processing. Being a data processing system, computer has importance in providing in-denth knowledge of whatever is involved in procesSing the data. But betfore looking into that We require to define some of the basic terms associated with it.

Input:-

        Input refers to the data and instructions given to the computer. Data is a raw set of facts and figures associated with an individual, an entity, or an event. It is basically a collection of unorganized facts or concepts that does not convey any meaning. Data can be represented in various forms i.e. in figures, characters, symbols, pictures, audio, video etc. 

           Some examples of data are phone numbers, weights, prices, costs, addresses, product name, age or name of a person etc.

NEED OF INFORMATION:-

                                        Information is necessary for the people of the modern world because without pro, r information, it is very difficult to survive in the modern competitive world. Information is needed .

• To gain knowledge about the surroundings, and whatever is happening in the society and universe
• To keep the system up-to-date, we need to gather information from various sources like newspaper, radio, magazines, televisions, internet etc.
• To know about the rules and regulations of society. government and associations etc.
• To arrive at a particular decision that helps in torming, running and protectina system.  

Difference between DATA and INFORMATION ?

Data:- 

1. Data is raw fact and figures. For example: 32 is data.
2. Data is not significant to a business. 
3. Data does not help in decision making .
4. Observations and recordings are done to obtain data .
5. Input to any system may be treated as data .
6. Difficult to understand properly.
7. Data must be processed to understand. 
8. Data may not be in the order. 

Information:- 

1. Information is a processed form of data. For example: Age 32.
2. Information is significant to a business.
3. Information helps in decision making.
4. Analysis is done to obtain information.
5. Output system Information.
6. Easy to understand. 
7. Information is already in understandable form. it may be processed further to make it more understandable. 
8. Information should be in the order. 

INTRODUCTION TO DATABASE:-

                                                                 Data is a very important resource in the operation and management of an organization. So, it is very essential to organize the data in a meaningful manner, because an unorganized data has no meaning. With the increased demand of the data in the various organizations such as banks, universities, railways, airlines, companies etc., it becomes a necessity to store data in an organized manner so that it can be used again and again. So, we need a database to store the data in an organized form.

                                                 To understand the concept of database, let us consider an example of telephone directory in which names of people are arranged in an alphabetical order. So, it becomes easier to search any phone number corresponding to a particular name. If this ordering is not done in n organized manner then it is very difficult to scarch a phone number of a particular person, so this shows why database are needed.

DATABASE OPERATIONS:-

                                      To maintain huge databases, we need certain operations which help in maintaining the data in the database efficiently. The most commonly used operations performed on the databases are:- 

(a) Insertion: To add new data into the database. (For example: To add new phone number into the telephone directory.) 

(b) Selection: To view or retrieve the stored data. (For example: To view a telephone number of a particular person from the telephone directory.) 

(c) Updation: To modify or edit the existing data. (For example: Suppose the phone number of a particular person is changed, so we have to modify the telephone directory by replacing his old phone number with a new phone number.) 

(d) Deletion: To remove or delete the existing data from the database. (For example: Suppose an employee has left the organization, so his record should be deleted from the employee database of the organization.) 

(e) Sorting: To arrange the data in a desired order (ascending / descending). (For example: In employee database of an organization, records should be aranged in an alphabetical order for easy and fast retrieval.)

DATABASE APPLICATIONS:-

                                               The collection of data, usually referred to as the database, contains information relevant O an enterprise. Today, database systems are widely used to manage large bodies or information. Some of the important database applications are:-

• Banking: For customer information, aceounts, and loans. and banking trane . 
• Universities: and grades For student infomation, course registrations, results and grad . 
• Airlines: For rvations and schedule information. Airlines inals were situated among around the use databases in a geographically distributed manner-termina situated around the world  acressed the central database system through phone lines and networks. 
• Credit card transact For purchases on credit cards and generation  statements. 
•  Sales: For customer. product, and purchase information. 
•  Telecommunication: For keeping records of calls made, generating monthly monthly hi bil maintaini balances on prepaid calling cards, and storing inrormation about communication networks. the 
•  Manufacturing: For tracking production of items in factories, inventories of itemsi warehouses/stores. and orders for items. ms in
•  Human resources: For information about employees, salaries and payroll taxes etc.